Function in Python
Function in Python
- What is function?
- A function is a named sequence of statements that performs a computation(operation).
or,
A parameterized sequence of statements. - When you define a function, you specify the name and the sequence of statements.
- Later, you can “call” the function by name.
- The expression in parentheses is called the argument of the function.
- The argument is a value or variable that we are passing into the function as input to the function.
- What is arguments?
- A value passed to a function (or method) when calling it.
- What is parameter?
- Inside the function, the arguments are assigned to variables called parameters.
- Here is an example of a user-defined function that takes an argument.
- What is return value?
- It is common to say that a function “takes” an argument and “returns” a result.
- The result is called the return value.
- What are function types?
- Built-in function example
- User-defined function
Built-in function
- print()
- max()
- min()
- sum()
- pow()
- range()
- reversed()
- sorted()
- count()
Examples:
sum()
a = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
x = sum(a)
print(x)
pow()
x = pow(2, 3)
print(x)
range()
x = range(6)
for n in x:
print(n)
reversed()
alph = ("a", "b", "c", "d")
ralph = reversed(alph)
for x in ralph:
print(x)
sorted()
a = ("b", "g", "a", "d", "f", "c", "h", "e")
x = sorted(a)
print(x)
count()
thistuple = (1, 3, 7, 8, 7, 5, 4, 6, 8, 5)
x = thistuple.count(5)
print(x)
Explanation :
Program 1: Write a python program to print Hello India with help of function.
def india():
print("Hello india")
india()
Output : Hello india
Program 2 : Write a python to add two number in python with help of function.
def adding():
a = 2
b = 3
print(a+b)
adding()
Output :5
Program 3: Write a python to add two number in python with help of function by taking input.
#Called function
def Adding():
a = int(input('Enter A value: '))
b = int(input('Enter B value: '))
result = a+b
print(result)
#Calling function
Adding()
Output :5 if input is a=2 and b=3
Program 4: Write a python program to find the greatest of two number.
Program :
def max_of_two( x, y ):
if x > y:
return x
return y
print(max_of_two(9, 6))
Output :9
Or
def max_of_two( x, y ):
if x > y:
return x
else:
return y
result=max_of_two(9, 6)
print( "the greatest number is ",result)
Program 5: Write a python program to find the greatest of two number by taking input.
Program:
#Called function
def Greatest():
a = int(input('Enter A value: '))
b = int(input('Enter B value: '))
if (a>=b):
print(a," is greater")
else:
print(b," is greater")
#Calling function
Greatest()
Output : 9 is greater
Program 6: Write a python program to find odd and even number.
Program:
#calling function
def oddeven():
n = int(input('Enter n value:'))
if(n%2==0):
print("even number.")
else:
print("odd number.")
#called function
oddeven()
Output : Input: 9 , Odd number
Types of Functions
1. Postional arguments
2. Keyword arguments
3. Default arguments
4. Variable length arguments(*args,**kwargs)
1. Postional arguments
- These are the arguments passed to the function in correct Postional order.
- Postion of arguments should match excatly with the number and Postion of the arguments of the function call.
def attach(s1,s2):
s3=s1+s2
print("Totals string: ",s3)
attach('New','York')
2. Keyword arguments
- It is used to identify the parameter by their names
def grocery(item,price):
print("Item name: ",item)
print("Price of the item is: ",price)
grocery(item="sugar",price="Rs.100")
3. Default arguments
def grocery(item,price=100):
print("Item name: ",item)
print("Price of the item is: ",price)
grocery(item="sugar")
4. Variable length arguments
-----
*args
-----
- Start the variable name with *.
- args means argument.
Example 1:
def calculate(*args):
sum=0
for i in args:
sum+=i
print(sum)
calculate(2,2,2,2)
Example 2:
def calculate(*b):
sum=0
for i in b:
sum+=i
print(sum)
calculate(2,2,2,2)
--------
**kwargs
--------
- Start the variable name with ** .
- kwargs stand for keyword arguments.
def display(**kwargs):
for x,y in kwargs.items():
print("key={},value={}".format(x,y))
display(rno=10,name="nandani")
Assignment:
- Find out the difference between args and kwargs. (min 3)
Program 7: Write a python program to find odd and even number. without modulus operator.
Code:
n=9;
if n&1 == 1:
print("odd")
else:
print("even");
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